भारत से आज़ाद होना चाहता है कश्मीर: अरुंधती रॉय

19 अगस्त 2008 के नवभारत टाइम्स में ये खबर छपी, आपने पढ़ी ज़रूर होगी। अगर नहीं पढ़ पाये हैं तो पूरी खबर ज्यों की की त्यों आपके सामने है

मशहूर ऐक्टिविस्ट और बुकर प्राइज़ विनर राइटर अरुंधती रॉय ने सोमवार को कश्मीर में हुई एक विशाल रैली में कहा ,' कश्मीर को भारत से आज़ादी चाहिए और ठीक उसी तरह भारत को भी कश्मीर से आज़ादी चाहिए। ' इस रैली के दौरान उन्होंने कहा कि कश्मीर की जनता ने हुक्मरान को अपनी चाहत का बयान साफ-साफ लफ्ज़ों में कर दिया है। अरुंधती रॉय ने कहा कि कश्मीर की इस आवाज़ को अगर कोई नहीं सुन रहा है तो महज़ इसलिए कि ' वह ' सुनना नहीं चाहता है, जबकि यही जनमत है। उन्होंने कहा , ' कश्मीर के लोग नहीं चाहते कि कोई उनका प्रतिनिधित्व करे, कश्मीरी खुद अपना प्रतिनिधित्व कर सकते हैं और कर रहे हैं। ' टाइम्स ऑफ इंडिया ' से बात करते हुए उन्होंने कहा, ' जो भी कश्मीर की रैलियों में मौजूद रहता है, सामान्य कश्मीरी की भावनाओं को समझता है उसकी कश्मीर की आज़ादी की मांग के मुद्दे पर दो राय नहीं हो सकती है।
' अपनी किताब ' द गॉड ऑफ स्मॉल थिंग्स ' के लिए बुकर प्राइज़ जीतने वाली अरुंधती रॉय ने आगे कहा , ' 1930 से ही कश्मीरियों का प्रतिनिधित्व करने के मुद्दे पर तमाम बहस और विवाद रहे, चाहे हरि सिंह हों या फिर शेख अब्दुल्ला या फिर कोई और लेकिन इस बहस का अंत नहीं हुआ। ' यही बहस आज भी जारी है चाहे हुर्रियत हो या कोई और, लेकिन कश्मीरियों के प्रतिनिधित्व का मुद्दा नहीं सुलझा। ' लेकिन मुझे लगता है कि आज आम कश्मीरी ही खुद का प्रतिनिधि है।

text of instrument of accession

Whereas the Indian Independence Act, 1947, provides that as from the fifteenth day of August, 1947, there shall be set up an independent Dominion known as INDIA, and that the Government of India Act, 1935, shall, with such omission, additions, adaptations and modifications as the Governor-General may by order specify, be applicable to the Dominion of India,
And whereas the Government of India Act, 1935, as so adapted, by the Governor General provides that an Indian State may accede to the Dominion of India by an Instrument of Accession executed by the Ruler thereof :
Now, therefore, I Shriman Inder Mahander Rajrajeshwar Maharajadhiraj Shri Hari Singhji Jammu and Kashmir Naresh Tatha Tibbet adi Deshadhipathi, Ruler of Jammu and Kashmir State, in the exercise of my Sovereignty in and over my said State do hereby execute this my Instrument of Accession; and
1. I hereby declare that I accede to the Dominion of India with the intent that the Governor-General of India, the Dominion Legislature, the Federal Court and any other Dominion authority established for the purposes of the Dominion shall, by virtue of this my Instrument of Accession but subject always to the terms thereof, and for the purposes only of the Dominion, exercise in relation to the State of Jammu and Kashmir (hereinafter refrred to as "this State") such functions as may be vested in them by or under the Government of India Act, 1935, as in force in the Dominion of India, on the 15th Day of August 1947, (which Act as so in force is hereafter refrred to as "the Act").
2. I hereby assume the obligation of ensuring that due effect is given to provisions of the Act within this State so far as they are applicable therein by virtue of this my Instrument of Accession.
3. I accept the matters specified in the scheduled hereto as the matters with respect to which the Dominion Legislature may make laws for this State.
4. I hereby declare that I accede to the Dominion of India on the assurance that if an agreement is made between the Governor-General and the Ruler of this State whereby any functions in relation to the administration in this State of any law of the Dominion Legislature shall be exercised by the Ruler of this State, then any such agreement shall be deemed to form part of this Instrument and shall be construed and have effect accordingly.
5. The terms of this my Instrument of Accession shall not be varied by any amendment of the Act or the Indian Independence Act, 1947, unless such amendment is accepted by me by Instrument supplementary to this Instrument.
6. Nothing in this Instrument shall empower the Dominion Legislature to make any law for this State authorising the compulsory acquisition of land for any purpose, but I hereby undertake that should the Dominion for the purpose of a Dominion law which applies in this State deem it necessary to acquire any land, I will at their request acquire the land at their expense, or, if the land belongs to me transfer it to them on such terms as may be agreed or, in default of agreement, determined by an arbitrator to be appointed by the Chief justice of India.
7. Nothing in this Instrument shall be deemed to commit in any way to acceptance of any future constitution of India or to fetter my discretion to enter into arrangement with the Government of India under any such future constitution.
8. Nothing in this Instrument affects the continuance of my Sovereignty in and over this State, or, save as provided by or under this Instrument, the exercise of any powers, authority and rights now enjoyed by me as Ruler of this State or the validity of any law at present in force in this State.
9. I hereby declare that I execute this Instrument on behalf of this State and that any reference in this Instrument to me or to the Ruler of the State is to be construed as including a reference to my heirs and successors.
Given under my hand this 26th day of October, nineteen hundred and forty-seven.
Hari Singh,Maharajadhiraj of Jammu and Kashmir State.
Acceptance of Accession by the Governor-General of India
I do hereby accept this Instrument of Accession.
Dated this twenty-seventh day of October, nineteen hundred and forty-seven.
Mountbatten of Burma,Governor-General of India.

the dogra race

The Dogras are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group in South Asia. They live predominantly in the Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir but also in adjoining areas of Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, and Northeastern Pakistan. They speak their own language, Dogri which, in 2003, was recognized as one of the national languages of India. Before that, it was considered a dialect of Punjabi due to the almost identical nature of both languages. Most Dogras are Hindus, but some are Muslims.

The Instrument of Accession is a legal document executed by Maharajah Hari Singh

The Instrument of Accession is a legal document executed by Maharajah Hari Singh, ruler of the State of Jammu and Kashmir (princely state), on October 26, 1947. It gives control of Jammu and Kashmir princely state (includes Jammu, Kashmir, Northern Areas, Ladakh and Aksai Chin) to the government of India.
"Whereas the Indian Independence Act, 1947, provides that as from the fifteenth day of August, 1947, there shall be set up an Independent Dominion known as India, and that the Government of India Act, 1935 shall, with such omission, additions, adaptations and modifications as the governor-general may by order specify, be applicable to the Dominion of India.
And whereas the Government of India Act 1935, as so adapted by the governor-general, provides that an Indian State may accede to the Dominion of India by an Instrument of Accession executed by the Ruler thereof.
Now, therefore, I Shriman Inder Mahander Rajrajeswar Maharajadhiraj Shri Hari Singhji, Jammu and Kashmir Naresh Tatha Tibbetadi Deshadhipathi, Ruler of Jammu and Kashmir (princely state), in the exercise of my sovereignty in and over my said State do hereby execute this my Instrument of Accession and I hereby declare that I accede to the Dominion of India with the intent that the governor-general of India, the Dominion Legislature, the Federal Court and any other Dominion authority established for the purposes of the Dominion shall, by virtue of this my Instrument of Accession but subject always to the terms thereof, and for the purposes only of the Dominion, exercise in relation to the State of Jammu and Kashmir (hereinafter referred to as "this State") such functions as may be vested in them by or under the Government of India Act, 1935, as in force in the Dominion of India, on the 15th day of August, 1947, (which Act as so in force is hereafter referred to as "the Act") ." It is further specified that. "I accept the matters specified in the schedule hereto as the matters with respect to which the Dominion Legislature may make law for this State." Thus the power of the Dominion to make laws was restricted to the matters mentioned in the Schedule namely Defence,Foreign Affairs and Communications and a few ancillary subjects specified in the schedule.For all other matters concurrence of the State Government was essential. The accession was accepted by Lord Mountbatten, Governor General of India, the following day (October 27, 1947). Lord Mountbatten in his letter of acceptance wrote that "Consistently with their policy that in the case of any State where the accession has been the subject of dispute,the question of accession should be decided in accordance with the wishes of the people of the State,it is my Government's wish that,as soon as law and order have been restored in Kashmir and her soil cleared of the invader,the question of the State's accession should be settled by a reference to the people."

Treaty of Amritsar, 1846“Treaty Btween the British Government and Mhaaraja Gulab Singh Jummoo”

The text of treaty reads as follow:Treaty of Amritsar, 1846“Treaty Btween the British Government and Mhaaraja Gulab Singh Jummoo”. Done at Amritsar, 16th March, 1846“Article IThe British Government and makes over for ever, in independent possessiion, to Maharaja Gulab Singh and the heirs male of his body, all the hilly or the mountainMountainous country, situated to the eastwards of the river Indus and the westward of the River Ravee, including Chamb and excluding Lahul, being part of terrorists ceded to the British government by the Lahore State, according to the provisions of Article IV, of the Treaty of Lahore, dated 9th of March, 1846.Article IIThe Eastern boundary of the tract transferred by the foregong article to Maharaja Gulab Singh shall be laid down by the commissioner appointed by the British government and Maharaja Golab singh respectively for the purpose, and shall be defined in a separate engagement after survey.Article IIIIN consideration of the transfer made to him and is heirs by the provision of the foregoing Articles, Maharaj Gulab Singh will pay to the British Government the sum of Rupees (annukshahee) fifty lakhs to be paid on rectification of this treaty and twenty five lakhs on or before the fist October of the current year A.D. 1846.The limits of the territories of Mahajraj Gulab Singh shall not be at any time changed without the concurrence of the British Government.Article VMaharaja Gulab Singh will refer to the arbitration of the British Government any disputes or questions that may arise between himself and the Government of Lahore or any to the neighboring State and will abide by the decision of the British Government.Article VIMaharaj Gulab Singh engages for himself and heirs to join, with the whole of military force, the British troops, when employed within the hills or in the territories adjoining his possessions. Article VIIMaharaja Gulab Singh engages never to take or retain in his service, any British subject, nor the subject of any European or American State, without the consent of the British Government.Article VIIIMaharaja Gulab Singh engages to respect, in regard to the territory transferred to him, the provisions of Article V, VI and VII of the separate engagement between the British Government and the Lahore Durbar, dated March 11, 1846.
Article IXThe British Government will give its aid to Maharaja Gulab Singh in protecting his territories from external enemies.Article XMaharaja Gulab Singh acknowledges the supremacy of the British Government and will in token of such supremacy present annually to the British Government one horse, twelve perfect shawl goats of approved breed (six male and six female) and three pairs of Kashmiri shawls."